Cellular Structure and Function | Biology | Target Mdcat 2025

Question 1

Which region of the nucleolus is unique for active rRNA synthesis?

Granular region

Fibrillar region

Nucleoplasm

Nuclear pores

Question 2

The nuclear membrane’s outer membrane is continuous with:

Plasma membrane

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi apparatus

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a component of the nucleolus?

rRNA

DNA segments

Ribosomal precursors

Membrane

Question 4

Diploid chromosome number of Drosophila melanogaster is:

8

4

46

16

Question 5

How many chromatids are present in a human cell during metaphase?

23

46

92

69

Question 6

Elementary particles (F₀F₁ complexes) of mitochondria are located on:

Outer mitochondrial membrane

Cristae of inner membrane

Matrix

Intermembrane space

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT found in the mitochondrial matrix?

Ribosomes

DNA

Oxidative enzymes

Histone proteins

Question 8

Which process does NOT take place inside mitochondria?

Fatty acid metabolism

ATP synthesis

Krebs cycle

Glycolysis

Question 9

Mitochondria are absent in which of the following?

Neurons

Muscle cells

Mature RBCs

Hepatocytes

Question 10

Who first observed mitochondria as granules in muscle cells in 1850?

Camillo Golgi

Altmann

Kolliker

Watson

Question 11

Which function is unique to Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER) but not Rough ER (RER)?

Protein synthesis

Hormone synthesis

Ribosome attachment

Packaging of proteins

Question 12

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) is continuous with:

Plasma membrane and lysosomes

Nuclear pores and ribosomes

Golgi apparatus and plasma membrane

Plasma membrane and nuclear membrane

Question 13

Which steroid hormone is NOT directly synthesized in the SER?

Corticosteroids

Testosterone

Estrogen

Insulin

Question 14

Which type of ER is abundant in muscle cells for impulse transmission?

Rough ER

Smooth ER

Transitional ER

None

Question 15

Cisternae of Endoplasmic Reticulum are primarily:

Ribosome clusters

Tubular or spherical membranes

Chromatin regions

Nucleoli

Question 16

Dictyosomes in plants are equivalent to which organelle in animals?

Lysosomes

Ribosomes

Golgi apparatus

Centrosomes

Question 17

Which face of Golgi apparatus receives vesicles from the Rough ER?

Trans face

Neither face

Both faces

Cis face

Question 18

Camillo Golgi discovered Golgi apparatus using:

Electron microscopy

Light microscopy

Special staining technique

Phase-contrast microscope

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a function of Golgi complex?

Glycoprotein synthesis

Glycolipid synthesis

ATP production

Secretory product packaging

Question 20

Golgi contributes to plasma membrane enlargement mainly by:

Adding sugars

Adding proteins

Adding ribosomes

Adding vesicles